{"id":71485,"date":"2026-10-01T17:10:35","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T21:10:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spainuscc.org\/?post_type=news&#038;p=71485"},"modified":"2026-10-01T17:10:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T21:10:35","slug":"dla-piper-puerto-rico-act-185-2026-amends-summary-labor-claims-procedure-to-allow-prevailing-employees-to-recover-litigation-costs","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/spainuscc.org\/es\/news\/dla-piper-puerto-rico-act-185-2026-amends-summary-labor-claims-procedure-to-allow-prevailing-employees-to-recover-litigation-costs\/","title":{"rendered":"DLA Piper: Puerto Rico Act 185-2026 amends summary labor claims procedure to allow prevailing employees to recover litigation costs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Written by: <\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/scpreview.dlapiper.com\/en\/people\/g\/guzman-janine\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Janine Guzm\u00e1n<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/scpreview.dlapiper.com\/en\/people\/n\/nunez-leonardo\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Leonardo Nu\u00f1ez<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On August 14, 2026, Puerto Rico Governor Jenniffer Gonz\u00e1lez Col\u00f3n signed into law Act No. 185-2026 (Act 185), amending Section 15 of the Summary Labor Claims Procedure Act, Act No. 2 of October 17, 1961, as amended (Act 2). Effective immediately, Act 185 addresses cost recovery and court-stamp exemptions in summary labor proceedings while preserving the compressed procedural deadlines that have long characterized this mechanism.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Background: Act 2 at a glance<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Act 2 establishes a summary judicial procedure through which employees may bring claims against employers concerning workplace rights, wages, benefits, compensation, and unjust dismissal. Designed to promote the rapid and fair adjudication of labor disputes, Act 2 features notably compressed timelines: respondent employers must answer within 10 days of service within the judicial district or within 15 days of out-of-district service; extensions require a timely sworn motion demonstrating just cause; a single responsive pleading must assert all defenses; discovery is restricted; and judgments are intended to be issued promptly. Certain review periods under Act 2 are jurisdictional. These procedural features remain unchanged by Act 185.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prior Section 15 of Act 2 provided that \u201call costs incurred\u201d in summary labor cases would be \u201csatisfied ex officio\u201d and required a respondent employer to pay private counsel\u2019s attorney\u2019s fees when judgment favored the claimant. In <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Class Fern\u00e1ndez v. Metro Health Care Management System, Inc.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, 214 DPR 348 (2024), the Puerto Rico Supreme Court interpreted the prior Section 15 language as displacing Rule 44.1 of the Rules of Civil Procedure and held that a prevailing employee could not recover litigation costs under that provision.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>What Act 185 changes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Act 185 replaces the text of Section 15 in its entirety. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The key changes are:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Stamp exemption clarified. <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The prior statement that all costs would be \u201csatisfied ex officio\u201d is replaced with a provision clarifying that cases filed under Act 2 are exempt from the cancellation or payment of required court stamps.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Attorney\u2019s fees preserved. <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The statute continues to provide that when judgment is entered in favor of the claimant and the claimant is represented by private counsel, attorney\u2019s fees shall be awarded. See \u201cOutstanding questions\u201d below regarding an apparent anomaly in the enacted Spanish text of this provision.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Litigation cost recovery authorized for prevailing claimants.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Act 185 adds a new sentence providing that a judgment in favor of the claimant shall award recovery of litigation costs only to that claimant.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rule 44.1 procedure incorporated.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Requests for, and awards of, litigation costs must follow the procedure established in Rule 44.1 of the Puerto Rico Rules of Civil Procedure.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Practical implications<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>For employers<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Prevailing claimants may now seek reimbursement of allowable litigation costs under Rule 44.1 in addition to statutory attorney\u2019s fees. Employers may wish to account for this additional exposure when evaluating settlements, offers of judgment, and litigation reserves.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>For employees and their counsel<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Claimants now have an explicit statutory basis to recover allowable litigation costs. Counsel may wish to maintain detailed, itemized records of litigation costs from the outset of the proceeding.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Outstanding questions<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Scope.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> The statute provides that litigation costs are recoverable only by the prevailing claimant. It is unclear whether this language categorically bars an employer from recovering costs under other independent authority, such as general civil-procedure provisions or contractual fee-shifting clauses, or only restricts recovery under Act 2 itself.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"8\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Anomalous attorney-fee wording. <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The enacted Spanish text of the attorney-fee provision states that fees will be granted to the respondent employer, providing that \u201c<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">se conceder\u00e1 al querellado el pago de honorarios de abogados.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201d The act\u2019s title, statement of motives, legislative history, and the prior statute appear to indicate that the intended result is that the respondent employer pay attorney\u2019s fees, rather than receive them. This apparent drafting anomaly may require legislative correction or judicial clarification to avoid confusion in practice.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Key takeaways<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">In light of Act 185, organizations and practitioners may wish to consider the following:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reviewing litigation reserves and settlement strategy.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> Employers facing pending or anticipated Act 2 claims may wish to update cost-exposure assessments to account for the new cost-recovery provision.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Preserving existing Act 2 defense protocols.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> The compressed procedural deadlines under Act 2 remain unchanged. Service of an Act 2 complaint continues to require immediate escalation, case preparation, and strict compliance with answer and discovery timelines.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"9\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Monitoring judicial developments. <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Organizations may wish to monitor court decisions interpreting the scope of cost recovery, retroactive application, and the anomalous attorney-fee wording.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">For more information about Act 185 and its potential implications for employment litigation in Puerto Rico, please contact the authors or your usual DLA Piper contact.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Written by: Janine Guzm\u00e1n, Leonardo Nu\u00f1ez\u00a0 \u00a0 On August 14, 2026, Puerto Rico Governor Jenniffer Gonz\u00e1lez Col\u00f3n signed into law Act No. 185-2026 (Act 185), amending Section 15 of the Summary Labor Claims Procedure Act, Act No. 2 of October 17, 1961, as amended (Act 2). Effective immediately, Act 185 addresses cost recovery and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":67078,"template":"","categories":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>DLA Piper: Puerto Rico Act 185-2026 amends summary labor claims procedure to allow prevailing employees to recover litigation costs - Spain-U.S. Chamber of Commerce<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spainuscc.org\/news\/dla-piper-puerto-rico-act-185-2026-amends-summary-labor-claims-procedure-to-allow-prevailing-employees-to-recover-litigation-costs\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"DLA Piper: Puerto Rico Act 185-2026 amends summary labor claims procedure to allow prevailing employees to recover litigation costs - Spain-U.S. Chamber of Commerce\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Written by: Janine Guzm\u00e1n, Leonardo Nu\u00f1ez\u00a0 \u00a0 On August 14, 2026, Puerto Rico Governor Jenniffer Gonz\u00e1lez Col\u00f3n signed into law Act No. 185-2026 (Act 185), amending Section 15 of the Summary Labor Claims Procedure Act, Act No. 2 of October 17, 1961, as amended (Act 2). 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Spain-U.S. Chamber of Commerce","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/spainuscc.org\/news\/dla-piper-puerto-rico-act-185-2026-amends-summary-labor-claims-procedure-to-allow-prevailing-employees-to-recover-litigation-costs\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"DLA Piper: Puerto Rico Act 185-2026 amends summary labor claims procedure to allow prevailing employees to recover litigation costs - Spain-U.S. Chamber of Commerce","og_description":"&nbsp; Written by: Janine Guzm\u00e1n, Leonardo Nu\u00f1ez\u00a0 \u00a0 On August 14, 2026, Puerto Rico Governor Jenniffer Gonz\u00e1lez Col\u00f3n signed into law Act No. 185-2026 (Act 185), amending Section 15 of the Summary Labor Claims Procedure Act, Act No. 2 of October 17, 1961, as amended (Act 2). 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